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New-home builders frequently offer additional terms to help close sales quickly; these are usually called "incentives." Incentives are frequently used at critical times, like the end of a financial period, or for particular models or lots. Here are some of the most common: Cost-reduction incentives reduct short-term or up-front costs. For example, a builder might use a cash contribution to closing, or waiver of premiums on the lot, as cost-reduction incentives. Value-add incentives provide upgrades to the home being purchased. A decorating allowance to upgrade appliances, floors or fixtures is a common value-add. Value-to-buyer incentives are not necessarily connected to the house, but they are of value to the buyer. A trip to Hawaii, a car lease, or a big-screen television are all examples of this. Time-to-close incentives speed up the process. For example, if the builder has arrangements with a lender, with details of their project and models already in place, the buying process could be accelerated. While incentives can be emotionally tempting, try to evaluate them neutrally. Would you BUY the item or addition? What will it actually cost over time as part of the mortgage? Is the price fair or inflated? With lender arrangements, ensure that the terms are still fair compared to market terms. As a final check, get advice from your real estate agent or certified new-home cobroker.
Understanding what a "home inspection" does is useful in the purchase (and selling) process. Home inspectors bring professional knowledge to the job of inspecting the structure, construction, systems and current state of a home. They do not weigh in the value or price of a property, but do provide an objective recommendation of status and recommended repairs. Things usually included in an inspection: Top-to-bottom structural state: roof, ceilings, walls, windows, floors and roof. Electrical system status and safety. Plumbing and waste disposal system conditions. Key mechanical systems, including water heaters, heating and A/C. Ventilation and insulation condition. Water — source, quality and (potentially) obvious plumbing issues. Pests — or the absence of. (Pest inspection may be a separate, required step in some communities.) Look for a home inspector with experience, qualifications and (ideally) time in the local market. While home inspections may or may not be required under specific market conditions, remember that skipping inspection means you own the house as-is once the deal has closed.
Home inspection is frequently required in the process of a home purchase; this short video explains the purpose of an "inspection clause" in a purchase offer. Under some market conditions, a buyer might include a clause that makes purchase conditional on, or influenced by, the results of a home inspection. This gives the buyer some latitude to exit from the deal, or to renegotiate, if the inspection reveals issues. An inspection clause might also stipulate responsibility, such as requiring the seller to address problems revealed by inspection before the purchase is completed. In other conditions, such as highly-competitive buying markets, a home-inspection clause might be left out entirely. Be clear on the risk that this introduces. The real estate professionals involved in the transaction will provide guidance on the decision.
As this video explains, cash committed to demonstrate sincere intent to go through with a detail is called "earnest money." Conditions and (sometimes) local customs may play a role, but an earnest money sum between 1% and 5% of the purchase price is typical. This is regarded as substantial enough to demonstrate good-faith intent. If agreement is reached through offer and counter-offer, the earnest money generally becomes part of the down payment or transaction closing costs. If agreement is not reached, earnest money is returned. If you back out of the offer/deal, you may forfeit the earnest money. Ask your real estate professional for guidance.
The initial offer price and terms on a home purchase have a big effect on the final deal. Keep a few things in mind in calculating your offer: If a buyers agent is involved, working for you (the buyer), they should take the lead on this job. Remind them to keep information and decisions confidential. If a buyers agent is NOT involved, remember that the selling agent works for the seller, not you! Calculating the actual offer should factor in: The price and terms for homes in the area The price and terms for recent, similar and especially nearby sales ("comps" -- comparable homes.) The condition of the home The listing history - how long has it been on the market? Has the listing price changed over time? Your financing terms, and general financing conditions such as interest rates. The sellers situation Know what the home is worth, and what you can afford. Negotiation is common; expect the buyer to make a counter-offer and anticipate more than one back-and-forth to reach agreement on the final price and terms. If you have a buyers agent, consider their advice, but follow your own reason and goals.